此条目的主題是是一個電腦指令。关于Dir的其他意義,請見「Dir」。
dir (directory,目錄)是一個條列檔案及目錄的命令行界面指令,在CP/M、VMS、DOS、OS/2、Singularity及Microsoft Windows等作業系統中都有此指令。
dir指令基本上會列出目录中的檔案及子目录的名稱,也可以列出其檔案大小,建立時間等相關資訊,並且列出所在的磁碟機、可用空間等資訊。dir指令也可以尋找其檔案名稱符合特定條件的檔案。
用法範例[编辑]
以下的範例是在Windows 7中給dir指令,沒有指令列引數時的輸出:
C:\Users\Public\Pictures\Sample Pictures>dir
Volume in drive C is System
Volume Serial Number is C8D0-76E2
Directory of C:\Users\Public\Pictures\Sample Pictures
14-07-2009 06:41
14-07-2009 06:41
14-07-2009 06:52 879,394 Chrysanthemum.jpg
14-07-2009 06:52 845,941 Desert.jpg
14-07-2009 06:52 595,284 Hydrangeas.jpg
14-07-2009 06:52 775,702 Jellyfish.jpg
14-07-2009 06:52 780,831 Koala.jpg
14-07-2009 06:52 561,276 Lighthouse.jpg
14-07-2009 06:52 777,835 Penguins.jpg
14-07-2009 06:52 620,888 Tulips.jpg
8 File(s) 5,837,151 bytes
2 Dir(s) 57,925,980,160 bytes free
C:\Users\Public\Pictures\Sample Pictures>dir /w
Volume in drive C is System
Volume Serial Number is C8D0-76E2
Directory of C:\Users\Public\Pictures\Sample Pictures
[.] [..] Chrysanthemum.jpg Desert.jpg Hydrangeas.jpg Jellyfish.jpg
Koala.jpg Lighthouse.jpg Penguins.jpg Tulips.jpg
8 File(s) 5,837,151 bytes
2 Dir(s) 57,925,992,448 bytes free
C:\Users\Public\Pictures\Sample Pictures>
選項及指令列引數[编辑]
以下是Microsoft Windows下,dir指令的選項及指令列引數
DIR [drive:][path][filename] [/A[[:]attributes]] [/B] [/C] [/D] [/L] [/N]
[/O[[:]sortorder]] [/P] [/Q] [/R] [/S] [/T[[:]timefield]] [/W] [/X] [/4]
[drive:][path][filename]
Specifies drive, directory, and/or files to list.
/A Displays files with specified attributes.
attributes D Directories R Read-only files
H Hidden files A Files ready for archiving
S System files I Not content indexed files
L Reparse Points - Prefix meaning not
/B Uses bare format (no heading information or summary).
/C Display the thousand separator in file sizes. This is the
default. Use /-C to disable display of separator.
/D Same as wide but files are list sorted by column.
/L Uses lowercase.
/N New long list format where filenames are on the far right.
/O List by files in sorted order.
sortorder N By name (alphabetic) S By size (smallest first)
E By extension (alphabetic) D By date/time (oldest first)
G Group directories first - Prefix to reverse order
/P Pauses after each screenful of information.
/Q Display the owner of the file.
/R Display alternate data streams of the file.
/S Displays files in specified directory and all subdirectories.
/T Controls which time field displayed or used for sorting timefield.
C Creation
A Last Access
W Last Written
/W Uses wide list format.
/X This displays the short names generated for non-8dot3 file names. The format is that of /N with the
name inserted before the long name. If no short name is present, blanks are displayed in its place.
/4 Displays four-digit years.
選項可以放在DIRCMD環境變數中,若要關閉現有的設定,可以在選項前加上-,例如/-W。
[1]
Unix[编辑]
dir不是Unix指令,Unix有類似的指令ls,不過GNU/Linux作業系統中有dir指令,等效於ls -C -b[2]。
相關條目[编辑]
MS-DOS命令列表
參考資料[编辑]
^ Windows 7
^ dir invocation (GNU coreutils) at www.gnu.org
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